Process of refining mineral oils



Patented Sept. 20, 1927.

UNITED S'IATESEEATENT OFFICE.

:mnonoa HELLIKALER, or emuscno'rz, exam; assranon r9 rm: nun: nuao srrimns mane: 110mm mm onrvnmm m. one, orv naLLinon-rnn-smn,

GERMANY.

rnocnss or anrmnm small. one.

No Drawing. Application flied August 1, 1925, Serial No. 47,807, and in Germany January 28, 1925.

" tain considerable quantities of refined products. Furthermore by the subsequent inevitable washing process the oils are emulsified, thereby causing the loss of considerable quantities of oil.

Many experiments have been made to substitute other chemical agents for sulphuric acid. Thus among, other substances anhydrous tin tetrachloride has been proposed as a refining agent. 1 However on subjecting 2,5 mineral oils to the action of this product under the conditions described in the literature a more or less violent reaction with the production of heat is observed which depends upon the quantity of the unsaturated go compounds present. Each added drop is at once enclosed in a dark, spongy resinous mass, whereby the refining agent is prevented from further action upon the mineral oil. Therefore with this method a sufficient- .5 1y refined and clarified oil can only be obtained when employing considerable quantities of refining agents, and with very great loss of oil.

Now I have found that these disadvan- 10' tages are avoided by subjecting the mineral oils to the action of titanium tetrahalids, for instance titanium tetrachloride. The weaker actionof these substances as com pared with tin halids depends, as it seems,

6 upon their greater stability and corresponds to the position of titanium in the riodic system. This greater stability resu ts in a more moderate course of the refining process which is desirable for the most purposes.

80 With titanium tetrahalids, a moderation of the reaction as described in m copending agxplication Ser. No. 47,608 is only necessary w on the oils to be refined are unsaturated to a considerable extent and therefore an in creased separation of acid resins or asphaltic bodiesois to be feared whereby an imperfect utilization and a loss ofrefining agent would be entailed. In this case, the titanium tetrachloride is to be diluted by an inert substance, such as fullers earth, silicate of alumina, infusorial earth (kieselghur), clay, activated carbon, soda ash calc'ium carbonate and the like. Instead of solid gliluents, liquid organic solvents not participating in the reaction ma also be employed, such as chlorinated ydrocarbons, petroleum ether, benzin and the like. i 1

Preferably after the action of thetimnium halide is completed the oils maybe treated with basic bleaching earth which Latt e same time absorbs the hydi'b hloric or at er acid produced and exerts a bleaching effect on the oils. Inflris manner I immediately get light-colored oils free from asphalt and having a low tar number.

The improved process forming the objects of my present invention may also be used for refining mineral oils of every description,

such as petroleum, shale oil. lignite tar primary or .low temperature distillation tar or their distillates.

The titanic residue obtained may be easily reconverted by ell known processes to the corresponding halids which may be again utilized for refining purposes.

Example.

A dark untransparent residue from paraffin oil, obtained by extracting brown-coal parafiin oil with alcohol, showing Spec. gravity at 20 (1, 0.861; viscosity at I 20 0., 20 13.; asphalt. 0.4 per cent was treated for 1 hour at room temperature with a mixture of 2 per cent. of titanium tetrachlorid and 2 per cent of fullers earth. After filtration the oil was shaken 'for 1 hour with basic bleaching earth. The refined product had a fine yellow color and showed the following properties:

Spec. gravity at 20 (1., 0.858; viscosity at 20 C., 1.8 E.; asphalt, none.

I claim:

1. The process of refining mineral oils which consists in treating the oils at room temperature with titanium tetrahalid diluted by inert substances.

2. The process of refining mineral oils which consists in treating the oils at room temperature with titanium tetrahalicl diluted solid inertqsubstances. 3. The proees 9f refining mineral oils which consists in treating the oils at room 5 tempe there! eture with titanium tetrahalid and r with basic bleaching earth capable of absorbin the acid formed and simultaneously bleac g the ,4. The process of re oil.

fining mineral oils which eonsists in treating the ils etroom tem pemture with titanium tetrahelid diluted b mert substances and thereafter with 118810 THEODORIQIELLTHALEB.

temperature with titanium tetrahalid diluted which consistsin treating the oils at room 10 ;by solid inert: substances. temperature with titanium tetrahalid diluted 3. The process of refining mineral oils by inert substances and thereafter with basic which consists in treating the oils at room b eaching earth capable of absorbin the acid 5 temperature with titanium tetrahalid and formed and simultaneously bleac ing the therellft-er with basic bleaching earth capaoil. 16 ble of absorbin the acid formed and simul- In testimony whereof I aflix my signature.

taneously bleac ing the oil.

4. The process of refining mineral oils THEODOR HELLTHALER.

cnnmicm: or common.

mm No. l.643,272. Granted Seotehdnr 20, I927, m I THEODOli HELLTHALER.

It is hereby certified [hit the name of the aesignee in theiebove patent was erroneously written and printed as "to the firm: Hugo Stinnee Rieteek Molten Oliverke Akt. Ges. ",whereas said name should have been written and printed as "to ti m r firm: Hugo Stmnes Rnebeck Mouton und Olwerke Akt. Ges. as shown by eeorh of assignments in this office; and that the said Letters Patent should be with this correction therein that the eame may conform to the record of the one II the Patent Office.

' Signed and sealed this 8th day of Novemher. A. D. 1927.

M. J. Moore, Seal Acting Cormniuleeer qt Potato.

CERTIFICATE OF I CORRECTION.

Patent No. 1,643,272. Granted Seotember 20, 1927, to

THEODOR HELLTHALER.

it is hereby certified that the name of the assignee in t hegebove numbered atent was erroneously written and printed as "to the firm: Hugo Stinnea Riebec'x flontm ind Oliverke Akt. Ges.",whereas enid name should have been written and printed II "to tlr firlm Hugo Stinnes Riebeck Montan und Olwerke Akt. Ges. as shown by the records of Iloignments in this office; and that the said Letters Patent lhould be me with this correction therein that the same may conform to the record of the em in 0! i'etent Office.

Signed and sealed this 8th day of Novemher, A. D. 1927.

M. J. Moore, 7 Acting Commiaiooer of Patents. 

